'New' or 'Compositionally Altered' grocery store products Essay

'New' or 'Compositionally Altered' market items - Essay Example The analyst of this exposition expects to give uncommon consideration on certain sorts of compositionally modified nourishments. Consider for instance, low calorie yogurt. The producer of this item utilizes a unique procedure to deliver this food thing. Low calorie yogurt is basically low in sugar (accomplished by subbing a low calorie sugar like aspartame or saccharin rather than sugar), and it is nearly lactose free. By diminishing lactose to under 1% through ultra-filtration and enzymatic hydrolysis, the maker can decrease 60 to 70 calories from the item. The objective purchaser incorporates health food nuts and due to nearly nil lactose in the completed item, lactose bigoted individuals also. When put away under suggested temperatures and under ordinary refrigeration, the item has a time span of usability of around 30 days which is about equivalent to normal yogurt. Low calorie yoghurts can be produced in the customary style, the Swiss style or even with organic product blended i n. Fake cream is another compositionally changed food. It is just impersonation cream and is made totally from non-dairy fats like vegetable oil and not spread fat in spite of the fact that it contains emulsifiers like glycerides and phosphatides, and thickening operators like gum and starch. It contains no butyric corrosive yet sugars or sugar could be added to improve the whip. This sort of cream has commonly been acknowledged well by the normal purchaser since it is less expensive than genuine cream, has no dairy fat and in particular has a more extended timeframe of realistic usability when contrasted with genuine cream. Weight watchers love it. It conciliates my soul to utilize this versus full fat cream, in spite of the fact that I am awkward with the vegetable oil. Likewise, counterfeit cream is anything but a decent trade for genuine cream in all cases; it can get runny and very unfit as a fixing. A low fat cheddar item, another case of modified food, is made by blending milk in with non-fat dry milk solids, a stabilizer like carrageenan and a lactic corrosive supplier. This makes a cheddar detailing answer for which a thickening chemical like rennet is included. The arrangement is then coagulated to frame a curd in a whey arrangement. The curd is then isolated from the whey and aged to shape a low fat cheddar item. The item is reasonable for calorie counters and at times in any event, for convalescing patients. It has a long time span of usability - longer than standard cheddar and to me tastes rather pleasant. Decaffeinated espresso is a most loved of an enormous portion of the populace, particularly those that drink different cups of espresso daily and accept that caffeine is unsafe to their wellbeing. Individuals with hypertension who have been encouraged to keep away from caffeine additionally ordinarily select this sort of espresso versus the ordinary one. Espresso can be decaffeinated from various perspectives however the means are the equivalent in every one of them. The beans are first absorbed water to disintegrate the caffeine. Next, the caffeine is separated utilizing a dissolvable or initiated carbon like methylene chloride or ethyl acetic acid derivation the two of which have low bubbling points.Finally the beans are re-absorbed the decaffeinated water so they can reabsorb the flavor that was lost in the underlying extraction.I am not enamored with decaffeinated espresso at all and like to taste the ordinary one. The kind of decaf espresso tastes poor to me and the decaffeinati on procedure changes both the flavor and fragrance of the espresso beans. The time span of usability of vacuum-stuffed broiled and ground espresso is

Definition of The Word Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Meaning of The Word Technology - Essay Example The revelation of one innovation prepares for the disclosure of another new innovation in light of the fact that there is no alternate way to progress. So as to accomplish an objective, we need to move bit by bit. People have made fast advances into the universe of innovation. The world innovation assumes a crucial job in this world. For me, the word innovation is significant. I see it the intend to harmony, soundness, and flourishing. Innovation has altered the world previously, improving out lives in right now and making it simple to handle future difficulties to the world. The wheel is viewed as one of the best revelation and innovation by man since it had upset the transportation. Another significant innovation was the steam motor, and it was found by James Watt. The disclosure of the steam motor prepared for the mechanical insurgency of the eighteenth century in England. Afterward, nineteenth and twentieth hundreds of years saw incredible creations and mechanical headways throughout the entire existence of the world. What's more, no in the 21st century, with every day we are finding new and new answers for our issues. Gone are the days when individuals had been affected by the earth. In current world, individuals are in charge of the world. A few people erroneously imagine that solitary software engineering related advancements are innovation. It isn't correct. Innovation can be any logical strategy for performing work in not so much exertion but rather more efficiency. It is settled truth that need is the mother of development or innovation. So from this reality, it is clear that each development or innovation is for some advantage of individuals. It is imperative to specify here that a few advancements are developed to crush individuals instead of serve people. Nuclear bombs and Hydrogen bombs are ideal instances of this reality. The innovation is such a great amount of significant for people. Innovation has upset the world. We didn't arrive in a day.â â

How to increase your reading speed

How to increase your reading speed Best Reading Tips: Is Reading Word by Word a Good Idea? Home›Tips for Students›Best Reading Tips: Is Reading Word by Word a Good Idea? Tips for StudentsBest Reading TipsWe all read often in our daily life, sometimes, without even realizing it. We always want to complete all the documents faster at work; we try to find out the main point of long letters; even if we read for leisure, we try to finish every chapter as soon as possible. We are usually eager to read much faster without missing any precious gems.But is rising up your word-by-word reading speed actually good? The answer is No. Let’s figure out why.When You Read Word by Word It Can Slow You Down from Idea ProcessingWhile reading, your eyes normally stop on every word. It is called fixation. However, it is not the best idea to stop on each word as it slows the reading speed in general and even influences your ability to fully understand the information.Language does not work without the context. It is true that each wo rd has its literal meaning, but the actual thing, which does make it alive, is the context of the text. One word in various contexts can express various meanings. That is why, instead of carefully reading each word separately, it is much more important to understand the context. When you have the context in mind, you understand what kinds of words you have to pay more attention to.Reading Phrase by Phrase Is BetterEnglish readers can read about 2-3 words simultaneously, so one of great reading techniques is to stop at every three words instead of every separate word. You should understand that ideas are not made up of single words. When you are able to read the text phrase by phrase, not word by word, you can understand the general idea of the text better.Skim just for the KeywordsWords play various roles in sentences. Some of them have more important meanings than the others. If you do not focus on every word separately, try skimming to absorb the most meaningful words and ignoring the ones with less important meaning. A subject and a verb do make the sentence complete, and the rest of the elements simply complement the sentence. That is why, for most of the time, it will not be difficult for you to understand the text without absorbing only the keywords.Ideas Are Bigger than Perfect WordsIt is obvious that ideas are made up of words. If you stop reading the text word by word and focus on the very idea you try getting, you start reading much faster.Speeding up reading not just increases your efficiency at work but also allows you to enjoy reading much more!

Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development Essay - 1779 Words

Psychology is defined as the science of mind and behavior its immediate goal is to understand humanity by both discovering general principles and exploring specific cases. There have been numerous developments of psychology thanks to the magnificent works of Jean Piaget, Lawrence Kohlberg, and Sigmund Freud. Each discovery has its own point of view; Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development point was made for parents and teachers challenge the childs abilities, Kohlberg’s theory of Moral Development was based on the understandings of moral concepts such as justice, rights, equality and human welfare. The Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development centered on the effects of the sexual pleasure drive on the individual psyche. Jean Piaget†¦show more content†¦Doing his research Piaget noticed the children used classification which simple means they put certain things together in groups to have better understands of the of the common features. A more advanced type of grouping is Class Inclusion which basically means a sub-group inside of a group is known as class inclusion. Piaget came up with four different stages in his research; Sensori-motor, Pre-operational, Concrete operational, Formal operational. Sensori-motor is the stage that ranges from birth until they reach two. In this stage the baby looks at its surroundings and differentiates itself from everything else. The baby sees himself as an agent of action and begins to act intentionally, like if they shake their rattle they will hear a noise that they created. From the ages of 2-7 the Pre-operational stage is in play where the child begins to learn language and to recognize objects by pictures in the mind and words heard. Also in this stage the child starts to group together certain objects by classifications, group together all blue toys without caring about the type of toy or putting all the same type of toys together regardless of color. At the age of 7-11 Concrete operational stage the child will start thinking logically about objects and events as in the conservation of number, mass, and weight. Formal operational is the final stage starts at 11 and goes up and can think logicallyShow MoreRelatedFreuds Theory of Psychosexual Development1933 Words   |  8 PagesFreud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development â€Å"Oral to Genital stage, how it affected me as an individual.† Submitted By: Submitted To: Freud’s theory of psychosexual development is based on erogenous zones which are important stages of development. According to the theory, there are five stages throughout one’s life: Oral phase, anal phase, phallic phase, latency phase, and genital stage. Each stage is involved in particular conflicts that must be resolvedRead MoreFreud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development Applied to Finding Nemo1746 Words   |  7 Pages Most people think his view are absolutely out of line and incorrect, but after studying him more in depth, you will find that he was not that crazy as you might have thought. For example, in this paper you will come to find that personality and Freud’s views on it aren’t really that off point. In the movie Finding Nemo, there is a father name Marlin, and a little son named Nemo. 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I shall be evaluating the pros and cons of psychosexual theory and the extent to which it helps us to understand aRead MoreEvaluate the Extent to Which Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development Can Help Us to Understand a Clients Presenting Issue?2411 Words   |  10 Pageswhich Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue. I will be describing Freud’s psychosexual theory and its relationship to adult neurotic behaviour as well as looking at the criticisms of Freudian theory. According to Freud personality is mostly established by the age of five. Early experiences play a large role in personality development and continue to influence behaviour later on in life. 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FreudRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory1652 Words   |  7 PagesErik Erikson s psychosocial theory and Sigmund Freud s psychosexual theory are two well-known theories of personality development with various similarities and differences. While Erikson was influenced by Freud s ideas, his theory differed in a number of important ways and was ultimately created to be an improvement to Freud’s personality development theory (Friedman Schustack, 2012). Like Freud’s psychosexual theory, Erikson agreed that personality progresses in a sequence of predeterminedRead MoreShedding Light On Freud s Controversial Psychoanalytic Theory1525 Words   |  7 Pages Shedding Light on Freud’s Controversial Psychoanalytic Theory Krystle D. Kraft St. Johns River State College: Human Growth and Development Shedding Light on Freud’s Controversial Psychoanalytic Theory Psychoanalytic theories suggest that developmental changes happen due to the power of internal drives and emotions. Sigmund Freud, a Viennese physician, is said to be the founding father of this theory. He believed biological impulses, such as a need for food and sex, were the drivingRead MoreSigmund Freuds Theory Of Phychoanalysis821 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloping the theories and techniques of psychoanalysis. Freud was the founding father of psychoanalysis which is a method through which an analyst unpacks unconscious conflicts based on the free association, dreams and fantasies of the patient. Sigmund Freud was greatly influenced by the work of his friend and colleague Josef Breuer. Together the two published their theories and findings in Studies of Hysteria. Eventually the two parted ways because of different ideas. Freud’s theories were and still

Top 15 Tips for the ACT Exam

ACT got you down? Scared pantsless about what’s in store for you when you drag yourself into the testing center for this multiple-choice exam? Well, button it up. The following ACT tips are going to get you a better ACT score. So memorize these bad boys, okay? No cheat sheets are allowed. Top 15 ACT Tips Answer Every Question Yes, even the hard ones. You won’t be penalized for guessing like you would if you were taking the old SAT test. For the record, the Redesigned SAT exam, which was first administered in March 2016, doesnt penalize for wrong answers anymore, either. Use POE Before Guessing POE is process of elimination. Each question will have at least one answer that’s way out there. Physically cross off that answer so you won’t be tempted to use it, and you’ll up your odds of guessing correctly. Then go back and see if you can cross off at least one more. Start Easy Answer all of the easy questions first, then move on to the difficult ones. The longer, more difficult questions arent worth any more points than the easier questions. So get all the points you can as fast as you can. Memorize the Directions During the test, you won’t get extra time to read the directions, so if you take five minutes to figure out what to do, that’s five fewer minutes you’ll have to get points. Don’t Doodle On the answer sheet, that is. The ACT is graded by a machine; if your chicken scratch interferes with the reading mechanism, you could miss out on points. Keep the sheet of ovals as clean as is possible. Erase Completely Bring two erasers: one for the heavy-duty erasing you may need to do and another clean eraser to fix up your ovals completely. You don’t want erasure marks mucking up your answers and causing you to lose points. Pace Yourself On some test sections, you’ll have a little less than 30 seconds to answer each question, so keep that in mind. Don’t spend three minutes staring off into space or rereading a longer passage; stay focused. Bring a Watch Archaic, yes, what with your cell phone and all, but since you won’t be able to have your cell phone with you, bring a watch. There’s no guarantee you’ll be testing in a room with a working clock. Reconsider the Obvious If an answer seems too easy, it may just be. Be sure to read every answer choice and select the best possible answer. The obvious choice may be a distracter. Don’t Second-Guess If you marked B for question 18, there was probably a good reason for it, so don’t go back and change it, unless youve found information in a later part of the test to disprove your original theory. Statistics prove that your first guess is usually the best one. Come Back to Toughies If you’re stuck between two answer choices, circle the question and come back to it with fresh eyes after you’ve answered the other questions. Remember, you have to pace yourself. Cross-Check Ovals Every five questions or so, double-check your answer sheet to make sure you haven’t skipped an oval. There’s nothing worse than getting to the end of a test and realizing you missed filling in an oval somewhere and having to erase everything. Bring Your Own Calculator The test center will not provide you with one, so bring an approved calculator for easier math work. (All the questions can be answered without one, but bring one anyway.) Outline Before Writing If you’re taking the essay, be sure to take five out of the 40 minutes and plan before you write. It isn’t a waste of time; the scorers are looking for well-organized essays. The best way to get one is to plan ahead with either an outline or graphic organizer. Practice You’ve heard it before, but it’s really the truth. Buy an ACT prep book, and answer every single question in it. You’ll gain confidence and a lot of extra points by doing so. These 15 tips may just be lifesavers when you’re taking the ACT, so be sure to follow them all.

Hcs 320 Communication Free Essays

Communication Opinion Paper Karen Candido-Johnson HCS320 March 18, 2013 Lynn Bell Communication Opinion Paper Communication is expression of meaning through verbal and non-verbal means. It is the basis for relaying all information to another person or persons. We use it every day to tell people how we feel, to inform them of a situation or just to say hi. We will write a custom essay sample on Hcs 320 Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Effective communication is essential to getting your ideas and thoughts across accurately and understood. Healthcare communication differs since the information is more sensitive than communication, say, between friends. The patient has to be able to effectively give their concerns over to a stranger for the most part and it is the Dr. ’s job to understand that information given. Culture can also play a role too as different ideas about what communication is varies. The basic elements of communication which are listening, body language, speaking, open ended questions, summarizing, emotions and follow up (Hewitt,2009). For effective communication to occur shared understanding must happen (Cheesbro, O’Connor Rios, 2010) You can have all the basics of communication but unless both parties understand each other then it is just baseless information. The basic elements of effective communication differ from the basic rules of health care because there is often not shared understanding. A provider will receive the information from the patient regarding symptoms and make an informed decision. The Dr. will then try to explain to the patient the problem but it is hard to do so when someone does not have the medical background to understand what the situation is. This makes it difficult for effective communication to occur. In order to have the best chance at effective communication the provider has to encourage the patient to give as much information as possible. Patients may have a difficult time getting across to their Dr. what they are feeling or what is going on. It is then the providers responsibility to coax the patient into relaying the information in a way that they can understand. They can do this by being empathetic with the patient and showing kindness. By being open and friendly they can put the patient at ease and this would make it easier for them to talk about difficult issues they are facing. As McDonald (2006) said engage the patient and move beyond them feeling like an intruder and develop a relationship and report with the patient. Putsch (1985) said communication in health care is a complex issue. Language and cultural barriers complicate the situation. The primary problem is language. This can be fixed with interpreters to some extent, but you still have the basic cultural issues to go through. What one culture might see as not a problem, say loose bowels, could actually be an outlying cause of another more serious issue. There are also cultures where seeing a Dr. is not the way to fix an illness and they rely on homeopathic remedies rather than western medicine. This becomes problematic when a Dr. is seeing the patient after all else has failed and they don’t know what caused the symptoms, whether it was the cure or the actual illness. Dr. ’s and nurses have to be careful what they ask and how to speak to a patient because it might cause alarm or be considered rudeness when asked. Most hospitals and health centers now have cultural training to help providers navigate the minefield of problems associated with this. Everyone has some type of communication in their daily lives. It is effortless to most people. Something we do without thinking. In healthcare though, we have to be extra vigilant to make sure the lines of communication stay open. Without effective communication a patient is not able to tell their provider what is wrong and there for the provider will not be able to make a good diagnosis and help cure the patient. References: Cheesebro, T. , O’Connor, L. , ; Rios, F. (2010). Communicating in the Workplace  . Pearson Education Hewitt, D. (2009,  December). Basics of Effective Communication. Live Strong   McDonald, D. D. (2006). Health care communication. New York, United States, New York: Springer Publishing Company. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/189457409? accountid=35812 Putsch MD, R. W. (1985,  December). Cross-cultural Communication The Special Case of Interpreters in Health Care. Journal Of American Medical Association,  254(23). How to cite Hcs 320 Communication, Papers

Conduct and Create Expert Interviews †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Conduct and Create Expert Interviews. Answer: Introduction: Interviews are an important tool in research. An interview is a conversation between two or more individuals where questions are asked by the interviewer with the aim of obtaining information from the interview. An expert interview refers to an interview in which the respondent is an expert in his or her field of study (Expert Interview, n.d.). This kind of interview can be done either one-on-one or in a large group and can either be informal or formal held over the phone, by email or face-to-face. On the other hand, a desk interview research refers to the process of reviewing previous interviews in order to gain a broad understanding of information within a given field of study. Noteworthy, both interview methods are useful in obtaining information during the research process. It is noteworthy that expert comprises of a session between the researcher and the interviewee. They are a form of explanatory research technique that is used to gather primary data on a specific area of study. Various steps are followed when conducting an expert interview. The first step involves the process of determining what kind of expert is needed for that particular interview (Palm, 2015). After deciding on the experts to be interviewed, give them a preview of the types of questions that the researcher will be asking and let them know how long the interview will take. The third step involves choosing experts with different points of views in order to get a diverse opinion on the subject matter (Marcello, 2014). On the day of the interview, the researcher is expected to ask smart and researched questions during the interaction. It is also important to record the interviewees responses either through writing or using a recorder. On the other hand, a desk interview is conducted n ot for purposes of collecting data but to review previous interviews within the same field of study in order to gain a better understanding of the subject matter (Desk Research, n.d.). Importance of the interviews By and large, both types of interviews are important sources of information in a research study. As a whole, expert and desk interviews are important because they allow the interviewer to collect useful information and data about a particular topic. In the case of expert interviews, the researcher can obtain a greater insight about a specific area of study in which the expert has specialized. In turn, this allows the researcher to gain vast knowledge on the subject matter to help in making conclusions for the research. In addition, an expert interview allows the researcher to ask more detailed questions to the respond and even seek clarification in areas that are not clear (Hartman, 2017). Consequently, this ensures that the information gathered during the study is well understood and can be applied to make informed decisions for the research. Furthermore, both expert and desk interviews are important because the respondents of the study cannot be influenced by external factors (DeFr anzo, 2014). Therefore, the information gathered in the study is largely accurate and concise, and can be used in analysis. Despite the various advantages associated with desk and expert interviews, it is worth pointing out that there have various disadvantages. Firstly, conducting these interviews can be very time-consuming. Mainly, this is because the interview process requires setting up the interview, conducting the actual interview, transcribing and analyzing the interview results before reporting, providing feedback and interpreting the results of the interview. Besides, the interpretation of information from the interviews is subject to personal opinion as different interviewers may understand and interpret the information from interviews differently. The research process adopted for this study will take into consideration the ethical implications of the study. Primarily, the ethical concerns and implications take into consideration whether or not the research will bring harm to the participants of the study, whether an express consent is obtained from the interviewee before we begin the interviewing process, if there are any cases of deception is involved in the process of interviewing, and whether there is an invasion of the privacy of the respond (Bryman and Bell, 2015, p.128). It is worth noting that the study we conduct will not break any ethical or moral rules. Precisely, this implies that before conducting the interviews, the researchers will obtain consent from the respondents and ensure their willingness to take part in the process. Additionally, the interviewer will preserve the privacy of its respondents by not revealing personal information during reporting and preserve their anonymity. Furthermore, the study will not result in the harming of the interviewee in any way. Reference List Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2015). Business Research Methods. 4th ed. London: Oxford University Press, p.128. Defranzo, S. (2014). The Advantages and Disadvantages of Face-to-Face Data Collection. [online] Snap Surveys. Available at: https://www.snapsurveys.com/blog/advantages-disadvantages-facetoface-data-collection/ [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Desk research: the what, why and how. [online] User Focus. Available at: https://www.userfocus.co.uk/articles/desk-research-the-what-why-and-how.html [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Expert Interview. [online] Knowledge Sharing Toolkit. Available at: https://www.kstoolkit.org/Expert+Interview [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Expert-interview. [online] Design Kit. Available at: https://www.designkit.org/methods/43 [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Hartman, D. (2017). What Are the Advantages Disadvantages of Interviews?. [online] Bizfluent. Available at: https://bizfluent.com/about-7536454-advantages-disadvantages-interviews.html [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Marcello, P. (2014). How to Conduct Create Content from Expert Interviews. [online] SEMRush Blog. Available at: https://www.semrush.com/blog/conduct-create-content-expert-interviews/ [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018]. Palm, T. (2015). Conducting Expert-interviews: some dos and donts. [online] Socializing Science. Available at: https://socializingsciencevu.com/2015/05/08/conducting-expert-interviews-some-dos-and-donts/ [Accessed 11 Apr. 2018].

Abolishing Death Penalty essays

Abolishing Death Penalty essays The death penalty in the United States should never be abolished. Each year there are about 250 people added to death row and, roughly, only 35 executed. The amount of terminations needs to increase dramatically. Many civilizations practiced barbaric punishments that place the prisoner in excruciating pain. However, capital punishment has become more humane by leaps and bounds in these past years and has been abrogated by several countries, though it has caused crime to rise in most cases. Regardless of anti-death advocates, I am firmly against its abating for a plethora of reasons. Nationwide, prisons cost an exorbitant amount of money to maintain and operate. Supplement that cost with new arrivals, medical costs, and repeat offenders. Youre looking at an estimated 1.5 billion dollars annually. The majority of these funds are withdrawn through taxes from everyday middle-class citizens like you and I. Only a miniscule fraction of these inmates are executed yearly. Due to the aforementioned fact, more prisons are being built around the country to accommodate the constant influx of convicts. Long and short term studies have proven that the vast majority of these criminals are released to only repeat their offense, soon after, and be returned to the facility that they just exited. A large percentage of prisoners cannot cope with the outside world after their release due to their incarceration period. On many occasions this has caused them to become extremely violent and, often times, commit a crime worse than the one they were imprisoned for. In every walk of life, in every part of the world, in every culture and civilization crimes against humanity are detested and combated in one way or another. Though, what most everyday people are unaware of is how luxurious our nations prison facilities are. If the steel bars, identical uniforms, and tranquilizer guns were taken away, they could be mistaken for ...

How to Format APA Citations

How to Format APA Citations How to Format APA Citations APA referencing – developed by the American Psychological Association – is used to cite sources in academic writing. But how does this system work? In this post, we take a look at APA citations, how to quote sources, and a few variations of the basic citation format you may need to know. 1. Basic APA Citations APA uses author–date citations (a form of parenthetical referencing). This means you cite a source by giving the surname of its author and the date of its publication in brackets: Many people use APA citations (Schreiber, 2001). As shown above, APA citations place a comma between the author’s name and the year. If the author is already named in the text, meanwhile, you only need to give the year in brackets: Schreiber (2001) states that many people use APA citations. This is the basic APA citation format for all sources with a single author. 2. Sources with More than One Author For sources with two authors, include both surnames in citations. The names should be joined by an ampersand if they are cited in brackets, but not when they appear in the main text: Two is company (Schreiber Harkin, 2011). According to Schreiber and Harkin (2011), two is company. When a source has three to five authors, the format is the same as above for the first citation. For instance: Three is a crowd (Schreiber, Harkin, Murray Ptaszynski, 2014). However, if you were to cite the same source again, you would use the first name plus â€Å"et al.† to prevent repetition. For example: Nobody yet knows what comes after a crowd (Schreiber et al., 2014). For sources with more than five authors, meanwhile, you should cite the first named author plus â€Å"et al.† in all citations, including the first one (full author information is still given in the reference list). 3. Organizational Authors Some sources, such as the website of a business, won’t have a named individual as an author. When this occurs, you can name a company or organization as the author: Missing citations can affect your grades (Proofed, 2018). This is known as citing an â€Å"organizational author.† If there is no organizational author available either, though, you may have to give the title of the source in the citation instead of an author. 4. Quoting Sources If you are quoting a source, you need to give a pinpoint citation. This means citing the page number(s) of the quoted passage: It is important to â€Å"provide evidence in essays† (Schreiber, 2001, p. 24). As shown above, you should give the page number(s) after a comma and â€Å"p.† when the author’s name is part of the citation. However, you should cite the page number separately when the author has been named in the text instead: Schreiber (2001) says we must â€Å"provide evidence in essays† (p. 24). The key is that page numbers always appear after the quotation. 5. Audiovisual Sources If you want to quote an audiovisual source, you need to cite a timestamp: The interviewee claimed that â€Å"video is the future† (Harkin, 2017, 21:34). Here, for example, the â€Å"21:34† in the citation shows that the quote comes from 21 minutes and 34 seconds into the recording. This replaces the page numbers cited when quoting a print source. 6. Multiple Sources in One Citation You can, if required, cite more than one source in a single set of brackets. All you need to do is place a semicolon between the citations, which should be ordered alphabetically by author surname: There is strong agreement on this issue among experts (Harkin, 2001; Ptaszynski, 1998; Schreiber, 2010). Citing more than one source at the same time like this can be useful if you need to show that multiple sources support the same argument. 7. Multiple Sources by the Same Author from the Same Year For most sources, the author’s surname and year of publication will be enough for the reader to find it in the reference list. However, if you are citing more than one source by the same author from the same year, you will need to provide extra information to help the reader. APA referencing does this by placing a letter after the year of publication: Publishing success can vary by year (Harkin, 2001a). Some years may see an author release multiple works, whereas other years may see them publish nothing at all (Harkin, 2001b). Here, we have two sources by Harkin from 2001. As such, we label these â€Å"2001a† and â€Å"2001b† in citations and in the reference list so readers can tell which citation points to which source. The letter used depends on the position of the source in the reference list, with sources from the same year ordered alphabetically by title. So, if we have two sources by Harkin from 2001, one called Analyzing APA and another called Myths of Referencing, the former would come first in the reference list and be cited as ‘2001a’, while the latter would come second and be cited as â€Å"2001b.† 8. More than One Author with the Same Surname Finally, if you cite separate sources by two authors who happen to have the same surname, you should add a first initial to citations so that your reader can tell them apart: Some surnames are very common (A. Smith, 1984). This can lead to confusion between people with the same surname (B. Smith, 2004). Adding this initial will help readers find the sources in your reference list.

Feminism and International Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Feminism and International Security - Essay Example In the face of increased security threats emanating from terror activities and techno wars, feminist voices have risen to demand for inclusion of women in international security systems. This study seeks to investigate the relationship between feminism and international security. This will be done by answering the question: what is the impact of feminism on international security? A comprehensive analysis of different literature on studies done on feminism and international security will be conducted so as to shed more light on this issue. (Blanchard 70-119), discusses the functions of feminist scholarship in international security by reviewing feminist literature on international relations. According to the study, feminists in the international relations have not put adequate focus on the issue of military hardware leading to scanty information on war, gender and technology understudied. The study also notes the importance of inclusion of women in security matters by analyzing the practical aspect of feminist security theory in the combating global insecurity. According to Blanchard, international relations; the body of discipline tasked with theorizing the world only created a place for feminist analysts just recently. This could be the reason behind the few female led academic studies and findings on topics relating to politics, military and war issues. The fact that foreign policy and military affairs have been mostly conducted by men, the academic discipline tasked with analyzing this two areas have become largel y masculine. The assumptions, explanations and experiences focus on men making it difficult for women to find scholarly materials on women experiences. According to (Pettman 19-56), historically women have played second fiddle to men in the decision making process on the global platform. Women have continually been rendered insecure through acts of sexual violence, gendered division of labour and

Persuasive synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Persuasive synthesis - Essay Example They are treated as interesting subjects for study and they are not considered human beings anymore, but rather subjects for research. According to the guidelines set by Papadimos and his colleagues, patient care in the movie, â€Å"Wit† (2001), was partially effectively given because Dr. Kelekian discussed the treatment with the patient and was frank with her about the possible results of the extremely aggressive treatment that was presented. However, the doctors did not discuss with the patient her end-of-life plan. Although with Vivian Bearing’s wit, she was able to read between the lines and understand that the treatment was not working because the cancer cells were just spreading in other parts of the patient’s body, the doctors did not directly discuss things with her. Moreover, it took the courage of a nurse to consult with the patient about the issue of the patient’s dying for her to think about what she would choose the doctors to do in case her h eart stops. Since Dr. Kelekian and his partner were very interested in studying the patient’s case, one cannot help but question their interest in not discussing the patient’s end-of-life plan. Moreover, the doctors failed to recognize dying symptoms such as extreme agony. In one of the doctor’s visit to the patient’s room who was obviously in torment, the physician asked Ms. Bearing if she was in pain and the patient found it ridiculous. Nevertheless, the nurse observed such flaws of the doctors and did her best to provide the patient with the care that she deserved as a human being. Byrne claims that metaphors are also used not only in literature but also in understanding what patients go through. Since not all people go through the same circumstances, not everyone would be able to understand what patients would be going through. However, with the use of metaphors, one could perhaps have a glimpse of the agonies of sicknesses and therefore understand wh at the patient longs for. Henceforth, the caregiver could effectively provide the necessary care and understanding to the patient. On the other hand, metaphor can also be used by doctors to explain the jargons of the medical world to the patient. In the aforementioned movie, Dr. Jason easily used metaphors to explain Ms. Bearing’s health conditions to her and being a literary scholar, the patient was quick to understand the explanation. As a result, there was a point wherein the doctor and the patient had an intellectual sharing about their own professions which gave Bearing new perspectives. Pope Benedict in his speech in 2007 stressed that more palliative care centers are needed to â€Å"provide integral care, offering the sick the human assistance and spiritual accompaniment they need†. Indeed, hospitals should not be just a place where patients are admitted and studied like animals. Rather, they should be treated with all their dignity intact despite the possibilit ies of recovering or dying. In the movie, doctors were careless about the rights of the patient to be treated well because she was not give the care and spiritual assistance a human being needs. This made the patient look back to the times when she was strong and full of health. Like the doctors, she lacked sensitivity to human needs. She was disciplined in her manners and demanded the same from her students. She regretted how she treated other people and wished she would have been a little kinder to them. Eventually, this helped

Current ethical issue of abortion

Current ethical issue of abortion Abortion in relation to Natural Moral Law and Utilitarian Ethics Aran Cauchi The current ethical issue of abortion is a broad and complex ethical issue which can be approached from many moral and ethical directions. Two such directions can be the deontological Natural Moral Law and the teleological or consequentialist Utilitarian ethics. Abortion, from the Latin aborior, to pass away, is an induced termination of a pregnancy. Historically, as today, an abortion is the focal point of much controversy. The laws governing abortion have changed considerably in the last fifty years to accommodate abortion as an option for a pregnant woman. A landmark US case giving a mother right to wilful abortion occurred in 1973 set in motion by a woman called Jane Roe in Dallas, Texas. Roe wished to terminate her pregnancy, but in Texas at the time, only victims of rape or incest could procure a legal abortion. The case reached the Supreme Court where the judges ruled that abortion was a constitutional right to women, overturning laws in every state which denied abortion to women through medically qualified doctors. Abortion is now legally allowed in many western countries for women. Since the legality of abortions came into effect, much debate has occurred from opposite so called pro-choice and pro-life groups, gathering many argumen ts from both deontological and teleological ethics. Utilitarianismis the idea that themoral worthof an action is determined solely by its contribution to overallutility: that is, its contribution to happiness or pleasure as summed among all people.[1] Utilitarianism places no emphasis on whether an action is right or wrong, right is only so once the pleasure has been decided to outweigh the pain in the circumstances resulting from the decision. Pleasure, in early Utilitarian thinking, was only concerned with the physical, e.g. being well fed. John Stuart Mill later argued that pleasure was also quantifiable in intellectual and spiritual terms. These higher pleasures he argued outweighed the lower pleasures. Mill proposed, for example being well fed, at the expense of a mans spirituality was a lesser pleasure, and in effect, not as right as a spiritually enlightened man who was hungry. The hungry man experiences higher pleasure, as spiritual enlightenment lasts significantly longer than the feeling of being well fed. Consequentialist Utilitarians would argue that abortion is an entirely neutral act. The consequences resulting from the abortion determine the rightness. A specific system of measuring the pleasure against pain can be utilised called Hedonic Calculus. Hedonic Calculus first proposed by Jeremy Bentham, measures pleasure/pain through eight categories: Certainty Duration Extent Intensity Remoteness Richness Purity[2] This calculus subjectively determines if the pain outweighs the pleasure in a scenario of a potential abortion. A mother may need an abortion to save her own life if it is in peril due to her pregnancy, she cannot afford to leave her children motherless. This scenario, shown through Hedonic Calculus allows abortion to be the right choice as 1. There is a high certainty the mother will die, 2. The duration of mourning for the family would be very long as would the duration of risk to her other children, 3. The pain and suffering for her surviving family would be very great and so on. A different scenario in which the mother seeks an abortion so she can go on a holiday would be morally wrong as from categories: 2. the pleasure of a child will last years compared to that of a comparatively short holiday, 4. The intensity of the pleasure of a child is much greater and higher significance as it is emotional and spiritual than a physical and emotional holiday. The taking of a life can be justified in Utilitarianism as there are no standing rules of what is right or wrong for a general scenario, i.e. abortion. Every circumstance is different and warrants a separate evaluation to determine the correct action. Natural law is a branch of deontological ethics, deon meaning duty in Latin. Natural lawor thelaw of natureis a theory that posits the existence of a law whose content is set bynatureand that therefore has validity everywhere.[3] These laws, created by God, are discernible to all peoples and are thought of as moral absolutes, natural moral law theory implies that wediscovermorality we do notinventit,'(J.P. Moreland, What Is Natural Moral Law). It is mans duty to be rational, and as God is rational too, it is rational that humans must love God. Thomas Aquinas, a figurehead for natural moral law proposed five primary precepts and other secondary precepts. The primary precepts proposed where: The continuation of the species through procreation The education of children The desire to live in society The worship of God The preservation of the self These precepts are considered in natural moral law to be the most basic aspirations of all humans. Aquinas believed that all humans wished to do good and follow the precepts but through ignorance to the Natural Moral Law, some could do wrong. Aquinas argued that good ethical decisions could be arrived at by reason alone. Humans have the power of deducing what is good and what is wrong through application of their conscience. Natural Law, being deontological, imposes inalienable rules that cannot be broken. Natural Law can be seen as order provided by nature which exists for a purpose. A common criticism of Utilitarianism would be the difficulty of its real world application. The theory of a decision may be morally sound, but the limitless unexpected permutations prevent proper ethical conduct from occurring once theory is put to practice. The Tribunal of the Holy Office, a catholic authority was once queried on the 4th of May, 1898 as to whether a foetus was allowed to be removed from its womb before natural course did so. The tribunal resolved that there was no exception to natural birth, even inducing premature labour with the intention of saving the babys life. However, if life saving surgery were to be performed on the mother, which would have consequences on the growing foetus, it should not be maintained that the fetal(sic)lifeis thereby directly attacked. Theevilis not made a means to obtain thegoodeffect; for this would be to doevilthatgoodmight come of it.'[4] This fulfils the Natural Law requirement of the act of being good as separate from the concept of doing good. To be morally correct, one must not embark on a course of action which is right purely to obtain an evil or vain end. The right must be to cause neutral or correct consequences. This certainty of rules and moral action allows the system of Natural Law to be an unquestionable authority if placed alongside Utilitarian ethics which are in permanent flux. The Catholic Church supports the notion of ensoulment, where at conception a foetus is given a soul by God. A soul is viewed as a separate form to the physical body, but is linked inextricably until death. The act of abortion goes against the first precept of Natural Law, denying the continuation of the species through abortion. Even if that abortion would lead to saving a life, the authority to kill a foetus does not rest in humans hands. It is inhumane to end the life of a baby, as natural law theory holds;one may never directly intend to kill an innocent human being[5]. After conception, Natural Law argues that the foetus is human so is equal in right to life as its mother. There is no greater worth placed on the mother living than the child as both are considered equal. Utilitarianism would argue against the inflexibility of the rules of Natural Law regarding to the preservation of a childs life. Utilitarians would argue that greater suffering may be caused by the preservation of a foetus life. The mother of the child may be a chronic drug addict, and the chances of the baby growing up disadvantaged are high. It could be argued that the mother may not be fit to care for a child and the child would suffer a hard life, through mal-parenting and possible separation from the mother in later years. A possible course of action would be a wilful abortion by the mother to prevent suffering of a child. The rigidity of Natural Law allows no exceptions to be made, even if the pleasure resulting from an abortion vastly outweighs the pain. This rigidity of laws could cause unnecessary harm to many people. Correct decision making can stem from both deontological and consequentialist ethics. While Natural Moral Law argues that the laws of nature are absolute, Utilitarianism argues that no laws constantly serve the greatest good, and only through flexibility can good be achieved. The primary precepts of Natural Law indicate clearly that abortion is wrong so far as the taking of an innocent life, and interrupting the natural result of procreation. Utilitarianism states that abortion, like all actions is an entirely neutral act until the consequences are evaluated. Both ethical systems allow an opportunity for an individual to formulate an understanding of, and ethically right decision on abortion. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism http://tutor2u.net/blog/index.php/religious-studies/comments/abortion-and-ethical-theory/ Natural Law,International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01046b.htm http://www.lifeissues.net/writers/irv/irv_08natlaw.html

Rubin Hurricane Carter: Guilty Until Proven Innocent Essay -- Court Mo

Rubin Hurricane Carter: Guilty Until Proven Innocent '"I don't belong here and I am not going to play their game.' 'If I were to cooperate in all these things, it would be as if I were saying, 'I'm a guilty man, and I am not a guilty man"' (New Jersey). The case of Rubin (Hurricane) Carter has been a heated issue for the last 34 years. In the last year a new movie, The Hurricane, starring Denzel Washington has once again brought this case to the foreground of discussion. The question argued has been is Rubin Carter innocent or guilty of the murders he allegedly committed on June 17, 1966 in the Lafayette Grill in Paterson, New Jersey. The proof is undeniable that Carter is innocent. He had an unfair trial where the police played a negative part, the prosecution suppressed information, and the court also worked against Carter. Although Rubin Carter is innocent of the crimes committed that fateful night in Paterson does not mean he was an angel. The biggest threat to Rubin's defense in this case was himself. Rubin Carter was born May 6, 1937 in Delawana, New Jersey. He grew up in the nearby town of Paterson (J.K.B. 7). Rubin was a strong-willed boy who learned to stand up to everyone as a child. James S. Hirsch, the author of Hurricane: The Miraculous Journey of Rubin Carter wrote, "the men in his family are not intimidated by threats" (60). In chapter 5 of his book, Hirsch explains how Rubin Carter learned to stand up against authority. Born with a stutter, he would fight anyone who dared to make fun of his speech-impediment. Carter once beat up his younger sister Rosalie's teacher when he saw him chasing her. He was expelled from school and beaten by his father. It was displays like this that caused Carter's father fear... ...'Deal' for Freedom in Murder Case." New York Times [New York] 4, Dec. 1975: 45:2. "Carter Lawyers Focus of Dispute." New York Times [New York] 29, Jan. 1975: 39:1. Hirsch, James S. Hurricane: The Miraculous Journey of Rubin Carter. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2000. J.K.B. "Carter, Rubin." Current Biography May 2000: 6-14. "Lawyers for Carter Say Judge Erred on Appeal." New York Times [New York] 28, Jan. 1975: 54:7. Massaquoi, Hans J. "Hurricane Carter: I Was Framed For Murder!" Ebony Dec. 1974: 30: 174-6+. "New Jersey Journal." New York Times [New York] 5, Feb. 1984: XI 3:1. "Police Record Backs Carter's Story." New York Times [New York] 23, Oct. 1975: 83:4. "Reversal is Won By Rubin Carter In Murder Case." New York Times [New York] 8, Nov. 1985: "Same Judge Gets Carter's Appeal." New York Times [New York] 31, Jan. 1975: 37:8.

Creature of culture Essay

â€Å"If man created culture then how can man be a creature of culture?† There are millions of people on this planet, and part of anthropology is to categorize these millions into smaller, well-defined groups. These groups are divided based on language, country of residence, race and other characteristics, which differentiate one group of people from another. They are labeled as cultures, and characterized by many anthropologists as having a set of learned behaviors, morals, customs and ideas that they share as members of a particular society (Grolier’s Encyclopedia, 1998). The problem is that cultures are diverse, population move in and out of countries bringing the influences of other cultures. A single country may vary from border to border due to the influences of its neighbors. There are also variations in culture, which depend on class or caste. In the movie Caste at Birth it is established that an individual cannot change their caste, and although status is socially defined, the relative importance of that status is a matter of opinion. Factors such as environment or an individual event can change aspects of culture. Furthermore, there is no definition that would successfully demonstrate that man is a creature of culture. Language and communication are critical elements in a culture. Through the use of language, we express our beliefs, expectations and standards. A person cannot fully understand a culture without fully understanding the language of that culture. Essentially, without fully understanding a language, or by speaking variations of the same language, one will experience the culture differently and may create a sub-culture of beliefs. These beliefs may be close, but not identical to those of the greater population. Since social identity is learned through language, individuals who speak Gaelic regularly are going to establish a social identity that varies with those who speak English. In the aforementioned definition of culture, emphasis has been placed on the word â€Å"shared†, but clearly not all individuals share the same learned behaviors and ideas. Education and communication are often interrelated with many other factors, such as class. In every culture, education is directly related to class. Simply put, the higher classes have better education. Evidently, communication is key to understanding and interpreting the norms  and concepts of any given culture. Since there are so many different levels on which individuals can communicate, it is not feasible that everyone is learning the same behaviors and ideas, even when they are immersed in the same culture. Individuals in a culture share many similar behaviors beyond those, which are innate, however, there are always exceptions. Such instances are the behaviors of an individual who is mentally challenged or those of a criminal. The behaviors of a criminal break social rules, and as a result, they are punished. Some of these behaviors are psychological, but others are learned. Not everyone in a culture is treated identically by peers and caregivers. It was previously mentioned that education differs from one class to the next. It is not only institutionalized education that differs, but also the learning that goes on through the performance of daily tasks. Human beings are social creatures and individual’s behaviors and ideas develop through socializing with a variety of sources on a daily basis. Humans are not born knowing who they are, they have the ability to change and interact with their environment to become all different kinds of people depending on their culture.

Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 Chemistry Kit Review

Thames and Kosmos produce  several science kits, including multiple chemistry sets. The Chem C3000 is their ultimate chemistry kit. Chemistry education and labs have moved toward computer simulations and safe chemicals, so its actually quite hard to find a kit that offers the types of hands-on experimentation that set the standard for chemistry labs in the past. The Chem 3000 is one of the few chemistry kits on the market today that contains chemicals and equipment necessary to perform over 350 high school / advanced chemistry experiments. This is the most popular chemistry kit for home chemistry and self-teaching. Description This is the ultimate chemistry kit! Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 kit contains everything in their Chem C1000 and Chem C2000 kits, plus more chemicals and equipment. Youll be able to perform over 350 chemistry experiments.The kit comes in a box containing two foam packing trays. The company reserves the right to make technical changes in the kit, so there isnt much point in listing the exact contents of the box I received, but I will say it included a 192-page paperback color lab manual, safety glasses, stickers for labeling chemicals, test tubes, a test tube  holder and test tube brush, a funnel, graduated beakers, pipettes, stoppers, an alcohol burner, a tripod stand, electrodes, brown bottles for storing light-sensitive chemicals, rubber hoses, glass tubing, filter paper, an evaporating dish, an Erlenmeyer flask, a plastic syringe, litmus powder, an assortment of other lab necessities, and numerous containers of chemicals. As you might expect, theres nothing particularly dangerous w ith respect to waste disposal (e.g., no mercury, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), but its a serious set, intended for hands-on, old-school chemistry experimentation.br/>The experiments introduce the investigator to proper use of chemistry lab equipment and cover general chemistry and introductory organic essentials. Age Recommendation: 12+ This is a set for middle and high school students and adults. It is not an appropriate chemistry kit for young children. However, you dont need to have any prior knowledge of chemistry to use the set.The instruction book is designed like a lab text. Each chapter features an introduction, a clear list of objectives, explanation of the concepts, step-by-step instructions, practice questions to make sure you understand what is going on, and a self-test.It is not complicated. You just need a grasp of basic algebra and the ability to follow directions to master the material. The pictures in the book are glorious and the text is easy to read. Its fun and down-to-earth, not boring pages of calculations and graphs. The point is to show you how fun chemistry is! Pros and Cons of the Chem C3000 Kit Personally, I think the pros of this kit greatly outweigh the cons, but you should know what youre getting into before deciding if this is the right chemistry kit for you. The biggest issue aside from cost probably is that this is a serious kit. There are risks if you misuse the chemicals, there is a flame, and there is basic math in the calculations. If youre looking for an introduction to chemistry for very young investigators, it would be better to opt for an age-appropriate set. Pros Suitable for the lab component of home school high school chemistry.Lots of chemicals; lots of experiments. You wont run through this set in an hour or a weekend.The instruction manual is exceptional, with color pictures, clear instructions, and informative explanations of the chemistry.Includes lab and safety equipment, not just chemicals, so you can continue experimentation and lab work beyond the instructions. You can order additional chemicals either from Thames Kosmos or pick them up on your own. Cons Expensive! You get a lot in this kit, but its typically around $200. If that is out of your budget range, you might consider one of the smaller Thames Kosmos kits. The quality is the same, except the kits, are cheaper and cover fewer experiments. Or, if you are on a tight budget, why not put together your own kit from household chemicals?Additional materials required. To complete every experiment, youll need to pick up a 9-volt battery and a few additional chemicals that are not included in the kit, primarily because they are either flammable or else have a short shelf life. Fortunately, these chemicals are not hard to find online. Specifically, the additional chemicals needed that the company couldnt legally ship in the kit are:1% Silver nitrate solution~4% Sodium hydroxide solution~7% Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid)3% Hydrogen peroxide (usual  drug store strength)~3% Ammonia (diluted household ammonia)The additional chemicals/materials youll need are:White vinegarDenatured alc ohol (rubbing alcohol)Distilled waterBaking soda (sodium bicarbonate)Citric acidAmmonium carbonateAluminum foilCottonIron nail9-Volt batteryYou may experience breakage in shipping. Most people order this kit online. It comes well-packaged and mine didnt break, despite FedEx throwing it at my front door, but other people have reported getting some broken glassware. The chemicals come in plastic containers, so they are secure, but they are test tubes and glass bottles, so breakage is possible. My advice is to order via a vendor that will replace any damaged components.